VOL.08    2021.08.26

편집자 한마디!

국내외 결핵(TB) 뉴스

학술연구자료

서울대학교병원 영상의학과는 활동성 폐결핵 환자와 회복된 사람들에게서 촬영한 6,500개 이상의 흉부영상을 사용하여 활동성 폐결핵을 식별하는 딥러닝 모델을 훈련시켰습니다. 이 모델은 건강한 경우와 결핵이 있는 이미지를 구별 할 수 있었으며, 결핵진단에서 Pulmonologist를 제치고 radiologist에 필적하는 성능을 보였다고 합니다. 심정적으로는 약간 속상하기는 하나, 빨리 실현되어 의료자원이 부족한 현장에 결핵진단에 활용되기를 기대해 봅니다.

A catalogue of 17,000 TB mutations has been developed by WHO and Imperial College, London. The catalogue will help clinicians interpret results faster and provide faster and more targeted treatment.

The World Health Organization (WHO) issued a public call for data, appealing to industry, researchers, national TB programs and other agencies to provide suitable evidence on diagnostic accuracy of newer skin-based tests based on specific Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens. Relevant data should be sent by 3 September 2021. For further details about the call, click here.

The registration for the 52nd Union World Conference on Lung Health is NOW OPEN! The conference will take place virtually on 19-22 October 2021. Sponsored registrations will be offered to civil society members and individuals working in efforts to address lung health as well as to TB survivors and the affected lung health community. For full details about the registration process, click here. The deadline for sponsored registration applications is 27 August 2021.

The Center for Global Health, branch of the organization Socios En Salud | Partners In Health Peru, will host a series of webinars on diagnosis and treatment for drug-resistant TB as part of the Zero Tuberculosis Initiative, a multi-institutional alliance of local coalitions working to rapidly reduce TB rates by using a comprehensive approach. For further details and to register for the webinars, click here.

The TB Europe Coalition developed a booklet 'Multisectoral accountability framework to accelerate progress to end TB (MAF-TB). The political will at the national level is the key to fulfilling the global commitments' to support civil society and TB affected communities in understanding the global policy background, objectives, and milestones of the implementation of MAF-TB. The booklet is available in English and Russian.

USAID has donated 710 bicycles and 859 sputum transportation boxes to community health workers who provide community tuberculosis (TB) services in Tanzania.

Otsuka announced it has been awarded a grant for up to US$17.8 million from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation that will enable the company to advance clinical trials of its investigational compound OPC-167832 in combination with delamanid and bedaquiline for patients with drug-susceptible pulmonary TB.

Source: Business Wire

The ERJ reports on the development of a filter paper-based system in which dried sputum can be transported to a central lab for MDR-TB analysis. This reduces the risks of transporting infectious sputum.

A South African study of pregnant women exposed to second-line anti-tuberculosis drugs found high rates of adverse outcomes, including miscarriage, abortion and the death of a baby. About 60% were successfully treated for TB. The study concludes that pregnant patients with MDR- and RR-TB require close monitoring and coordinated obstetric, HIV and TB care.

HIV infection may be contributing to acquisition of rifampicin‑resistance during first‑line TB treatment, according to a study led by the University of Cape Town. The team analysed health data spanning 10 years, from 2008 to 2017,to determine the influence of HIV infection during previous treatment on transmission or acquisition of rifampicin mono-resistant (RMR) TB. Lancet Microbe.

A team from Rockefeller University describe how they’re hunting TB’s most vulnerable genes and say their findings could benefit drug discovery. And the University of Maryland reports in PLOS Pathogens that they’ve discovered a gene that helps M.Tb supress immunity, by turning off an important immune signalling system in infected human cells.

Seoul National University Hospital’s Department of Radiology has trained a deep-learning model to identify active pulmonary tuberculosis on chest images – and found it performed similarly to radiologists. They trained the tool using more than 6,500 radiographs taken from patients with active tuberculosis and from those who had recovered. The model distinguished images with TB from healthy cases.

R-TB patients in a small tribe in Madhya Pradesh, India, found they struggled at every stage, from diagnosis, treatment initiation or adherence. A report in the BMJ concluded it was essential to develop an approach conducive specifically to the socio-cultural set-up of tribal people

A Chinese study of the MDR-TB prevention system has concluded that taking advice and suggestions from front-line services and patients would benefit policy making for prevention and control.

For the first time, scientists have created a 3D view of diseased lung tissue from tuberculosis patients, using micro-computed tomography, or microCT, The study by the Africa Health Insititute and University of Alabama revealed that larger TB granulomas were not round, as scientists had previously thought. Instead, they had complex, branched shapes.

The Lancet has published a global assessment of how national TB programmes approached latent TB treatment in migrant populations, over a 20 year period. It says treatment initiation and completion in migrants has improved considerably from 2010–20, although there is still room for improvement, with drop out reported along the entire treatment pathway.

The BCG vaccine may control inflammation in the elderly