TB Clip 2021년 10월호 (2) 본문 이미지

편집자 한마디!

국내외 결핵(TB) 뉴스

학술연구자료

STOP-TB 코리아 소식

2020년 COVID-19의 대유행으로 차질을 빚은 의료서비스는 많지만, 특히 결핵에 대한 영향은 심각했음을 2주전 발표된 세계보건기구(WHO)의 2021년 Global TB Report를 통해 알 수 있습니다. 줄곧 감소하던 결핵사망자가 150만여 명에 달해 전년도(140만명)보다 늘었고, 이는 10여 년 만에 증가한 것으로 나타났습니다. 지난해 전 세계에서 새로 결핵 진단을 받은 사람은 580만 명으로 전년도(710만 명)보다 18% 이상 줄었고, DR-TB로 치료를 받은 사람도 15만여 명으로 전년도보다 15% 줄었습니다. WHO는 현재 결핵에 걸리고도 진단을 받지 않은 사람이 410만여 명에 달할 것으로 추정하고 있으며, 이는 전년도(290만 명)보다 29% 이상 증가한 것으로 결핵 사망자가 올해와 내년에는 더욱 증가할 가능성이 있음을 시사하고 있습니다. COVID-19 대유행이 결핵 퇴치의 전 세계적인 진전을 퇴보 시키고 있으며, 이와 더불어 필수 결핵 서비스에 대한 전체 지출까지 감소시킴으로써 EndTB라는 목표 달성이 멀어지지 않을까 걱정이 앞섭니다.

The World Health Organization released the 2021 Global TB Report showing that the COVID-19 pandemic has reversed years of global progress in tackling TB and that for the first time in over a decade, TB deaths have increased. In 2020, more people died from TB, with far fewer people being diagnosed and treated or provided with TB preventive treatment compared with 2019, and overall spending on essential TB services falling. The Report with the accompanying materials can be accessed here.

The World Health Organization (WHO) Global TB Program launched a call for case studies and best practices on the adaptation and implementation of the WHO Multisectoral Accountability Framework on TB (MAF-TB). The submission deadline is 27 October 2021. For full details about the call, click here.

The World Health Organization has established a new technical advisory group that will advise on TB diagnostic tools and strategies. It will specifically advise the WHO on TB diagnostic strategies in response to emerging needs and priorities and provide rapid, independent evaluation and advice to the WHO on scientific and technical aspects of TB diagnostic tools, technologies, methods and approaches.

A UN General Assembly high level side-event - Progress and Multisectoral Action towards achieving global targets to end TB - was held on 24 September. It was jointly organised by WHO and the Russian Federation. The event brought together a line-up of speakers including WHO and UN leadership, health ministers and civil society. All pledged to continue to try to accelerate their responses to tackling TB, while acknowledging the Covid-19 pandemic had set back progress in many places. Several speakers called for ‘solidarity’ – if the world were to eliminate TB. The recording of the event is now available online.

Treatment Action Group (TAG) released newly available TB chapters of its 2021 Pipeline Report providing the latest information on efforts to develop better ways of preventing TB through vaccination and preventive therapy -- Tuberculosis Vaccines, and Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment.

Delamanid’s 25mg dispersible tablet and 50mg tablet have been included in the World Health Organisation’s Model Lists of Essential Medicines and Essential Medicines for Children The WHO lists include new treatments for MDR-TB. The expert committee recommended:

The Stop TB Partnership estimates at least 1.2 million fewer people may be diagnosed and treated for TB in 2021 compared to 2020. Its Executive Director Lucica Ditiu told journalists that high-burden countries, particularly in Asia, have seen a drop in diagnosed and treated TB cases in 2021.

The non-exclusive, worldwide license covers the patents and expertise of promising long-acting injectable technologies that could be applied in three disease areas with a high prevalence in low- and middle-income countries: malaria, TB, and hepatitis C. Source: Medicines Patent Pool

On the occasion of the third anniversary of the first-ever UN High-Level Meeting on TB, 26 September, the TB Europe Coalition issued a statement underling the value of civil society and TB affected communities role in the TB response and calling on governments to create a favorable environment for their meaningful engagement. The statement is available in English and Russian.

On World Lung Day, 25 September, the Forum of International Respiratory Societies (FIRS) called for respiratory health to be a top priority in global decision-making beyond the COVID-19 pandemic. According to the Global Impact of Respiratory Disease report, despite cost-effective health interventions being available, respiratory diseases remain a leading cause of death and disability. More than 10 million people develop TB and 1.4 million die of it each year, making it the most common lethal infectious disease next to COVID-19.

Médecins Sans Frontières says TB medicine remains unaffordable for children in high-burden countries; governments should take measures to overcome patents and allow production of lifesaving drugs through generic manufacturers. “The high price of delamanid of $1,700 per treatment course has significantly limited access in many countries. In India, negotiations with Otsuka and Viatris [Mylan] have been unsuccessful, with the manufacturers refusing to lower the price to the $942 – currently being offered to South Africa by Viatris.” The MSF statement follows the WHO’s recent rapid communication recommending children of all ages with drug-resistant TB should have access to delamanid and bedaquiline.

The Global Forum on TB Vaccines was held virtually on 20-22 April 2021, marking its 20th anniversary. The Global Forum on TB Vaccines is the world's largest gathering of stakeholders striving to develop new vaccines to prevent TB. The meeting report is now published online and can be accessed here.

The Spanish biotech company Archivel Farma has officially begun the clinical trial of its therapeutic vaccine RUTI®, which will be carried out by Clinical Research Network India. The double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase IIb clinical trial will investigate the efficacy of RUTI® as adjuvant of TB chemotherapy and will recruit 90 patients with TB and 50 patients with multidrug-resistant TB. Source: STriTuVaD

Researchers offered fresh hope for improving treatments for TB, by focusing on identifying potential host-directed therapies that can target a patient’s own immune response to help them recover from the disease.

Researchers reported that among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in South Korea history of pulmonary TB was associated with an increased risk for developing lung cancer.

According to the results of a recent Chinese study, low body mass index, anemia, tobacco smoking, and coinfection were associated with postoperative complications in patients with TB destroyed lung.

In the 100 years since its first use, the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine has not only prevented countless deaths from TB, but has been widely used to protect against or treat a number of other diseases. Pharmaceutical Technology takes a look at the vaccine’s history and its applications elsewhere in medicine today.

An article published in Public Health Action features testimonials from 14 TB survivors in 12 countries regarding their experiences with hearing loss from injectable-containing treatment regimens for drug-resistant TB.

A qualitative study conducted in rural China found care for TB patients could be strengthened by educational campaigns. The challenges patients faced included TB awareness, complicated approaches to care, out-of-pocket medical expenses and travel distances. A study found that the risk of TB was 48% higher in patients with diabetes compared to those without diabetes. The risk of TB incidence was shown to increase with diabetes duration.

Researchers at a US university identifed the components of a protein that enables M.tb to be antibiotic resistant. They say this is critical information for understanding how M.tb can be effectively treated.

Researchers at an Israeli health institute trying to find a quicker and cheaper way of detecting TB are exploring the idea that body odour can reveal cases of the disease. They have studied more than 600 patients and tested pockets of air just above their skin surface. The team has been testing a small wearable device that captures compounds emitted from the skin and used a sensor system to analyse these without the need for a laboratory. If effective, this technology may reduce TB test costs to between USD1 and USD2.

Homelessness, HIV, and illicit drug use were the main factors associated with unfavourable TB treatment outcomes in Brazil, according to a new study in The Lancet involving more than 40,000 young people. More needs to be done to help treat this underserved group, the report finds, and cash transfers were identified as a means of encouraging patients to stick to courses of treatment.

A study of trends and levels of TB across 204 countries and territories between 1990 and 2019 found that concentrating on the disease among HIV-negative men, and HIV and TB co-infection among women, might help to diminish the overall burden. The excess burden experienced by men is deemed important and actions are needed to communicate the importance of early diagnosis and treatment.

A qualitative study conducted in rural China found care for TB patients could be strengthened by educational campaigns. The challenges patients faced included TB awareness, complicated approaches to care, out-of-pocket medical expenses and travel distances.

RESIST-TB released its September 2021 newsletter with the latest research publications on drug-resistant TB. To access the newsletter, click here.

The International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease released the October 2021 issue of the International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (IJTLD). The first consensus-based Clinical standards for the assessment, management and rehabilitation of post-TB lung disease were published with an accompanying Editorial.

부산국제교류재단은 대한결핵협회 STOP-TB운동본부와 협력하여 몽골 시민 및 의료진들을 위해 ‘몽골 코로나19 극복을 위한 의료물품 STAY STRONG PACKAGES‘을 기증하였습니다. 앞으로도 파트너기관들과 함께 국제개발협력사업의 발전을 위해 언제나 힘쓰겠습니다.

김민석 국회보건복지위원장 및 결핵퇴치 TF위원분들과 함께 그동안의 TF 간담회에서 논의된 내용을 토대로 2021 결핵정책자료집 을 발간하였습니다. 링크를 눌러 다운로드 가능합니다.

STOP-TB운동본부에서는 씨젠의료재단과 협력하여 국내 및 아시아지역의 젊고 유능한 결핵연구자들의 연구 활동 장려 및 업적을 치하하기 위해 "아시아 미래 결핵 연구자상"을 시상하고 있습니다. 자세한 내용은 링크 통해 확인바랍니다.