TB Clip 2022년 5월호 본문 이미지

편집자 한마디!

국내외 결핵(TB)뉴스

학술연구자료

STOP - TB 코리아 소식

5월 2일에 WHO는 DR-TB 치료에 대한 향후의 변경사항을 설명하는
rapid communication 을 발표했습니다. 새로운 지침은 MSF와 TB Alliance가 후원한 TB-PRACTECAL과 ZeNix임상 시험의 결과를 반영하여, BPaLM (a combination of bedaquiline, pretomanid, linezolid and moxifloxacin) 및 BPaL (bedaquiline, pretomanid and linezolid)로 거의 모든 형태의 DR-TB를 치료하는 programmatic implementation을 허용합니다. 새로운 지침은 2022년 후반에 업데이트될 예정입니다.

The WHO issues a ‘ Rapid Communication : Key changes to the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis’, including a shorter novel six-month all-oral regimens for the treatment of multidrug- and rifampicin-resistant TB.

The World Health Organization (WHO) is seeking expressions of interest from individuals or entities with relevant expertise to perform a systematic review of the evidence for the diagnostic accuracy of targeted next-generation sequencing technologies for detection of drug resistance among people diagnosed with TB. The deadline for applications is 13 May 2022. For full details about the call, click here .

The World Health Organization (WHO) released its second report of country success stories in mitigating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on TB services. These new country experiences add to the TB programmatic approaches that were summarized in the first WHO report released in 2021. For more details on COVID-19 considerations for TB care, consult the WHO TB/COVID-19 Information Note available in English , French and Russian .

The Times of India reports delamanid, and bedaquiline, are bringing relief to multi-drug resistant TB patients by cutting treatment time to nine months.

Indonesia’s Health Minister pledges to tighten tobacco control legislation as part of a national bid to reduce levels of TB. Sixty-five per cent of Indonesian men smoke and more than a third of TB cases in the country are attributable to smoking tobacco.

The World Health Organization (WHO) Global TB Program, in collaboration with University College London and other partners, convened a virtual technical consultation on 15-17 September 2021 that focused on innovative clinical trial designs that could be used for evaluating new TB preventive treatments. The report of the consultation can be accessed here .

Scientists at San Diego University have discovered rare genetic markers in Mycobacterium tuberculosis which could improve early detection of drug-resistant strains of the disease.

The Washington State Department of Health announced that the state has been having its largest TB outbreak in 20 years.

TB Alliance welcomed today’rapid communication with regard to new guidelines for treating drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB), which have potential to transform the TB Treatment Landscape with Six-Month Standard.

According to findings published in New Microbes and New Infections, a significant association was observed between chronic infections caused by Chlamydia pneumoniae, Helicobacter pylori, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria and an increased risk for ischemic stroke.

A study published in Cell Reports found that the Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine induces specific changes in metabolites and lipids that correlate with innate immune system responses. The findings provide clues toward making other vaccines more effective in vulnerable populations with distinct immune systems, such as newborns.

Researchers have identified a protein in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, called CinA, that contributes to drug tolerance, a phenomenon that allows bacteria to survive treatment with drugs that would normally kill them. Delamanid is cited many times in this research which says the M.tb protein CinA is a major determinant of drug tolerance.

A study published in PLOS Global Public Health has focused on evaluating the effective vaccination strategies for two TB vaccines, i.e., M72/AS01E and Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG). The authors also assessed the possible advantages as well as challenges associated with new vaccination programs

In a paper published in Nature Reviews Microbiology, experts assessed the last decade-plus of progress in developing new TB drug regimens, as well as the discoveries made toward cracking the scientific riddle of the stubborn bacterial disease which disproportionately affects the developing world.

New research identified helpful and unhelpful aspects of the immune response that determine whether the body can keep TB infection under control. The findings , published in Immunity, may be helpful for designing a more effective vaccine.

Global rollout of rapid molecular tests for TB over the last 12 years: A Cochrane Review summarized research on recipient and provider views.

Two strains of the bacterium causing TB have only minor genetic differences but attack the lungs in completely different fashion. The findings, published in Nature Communications, could help break the cycle of rapid transmission of TB, and could also provide answers about why treatments work in some patients but not others.

According to a study , published in Scientific Reports, environmental climate factors such as dew point temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric temperature that affect water droplet formation are crucial in enabling the sustenance and spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and determining the temporal, seasonal changes in the occurrence of disease.

Here is a recording of the RESIST-TB webinar held on 14 April, discussing the latest results from studies reporting on the pretomanid-containing regimens, ZeNiX and TB-PRACTECAL. Also, here is a paper mentioned in the same webinar session about daily dosing of bedaquiline in TB patients.

Authors from Medecins Sans Frontieres analyse the development and approval of delamanid and bedaquiline, and the ‘failure of the regulatory approval process to define the drugs’s role…to improve treatment outcomes.’ The authors’ article, published in BMJ Global Health , recommends inclusion of public-health driven expertise in the regulatory process.

Delamanid is referenced in this article in Nature in which two eminent TB medical scientists say there is cause for optimism in the global fight against TB, not least because of the imminent four-month regimen of drugs to cure the multidrug version of the disease.

In order to close the knowledge gap on how delamanid and pretomanid compare with each other, researchers summarise the main findings from preclinical research on these two compounds .

Outcomes after 24 months of initiating short, all-oral bedaquiline-containng or injectable containing rifampicin-resistant TB are assessed. This study supports the use of short bedaquiline-containing regimens in eligible patients .

Two strains of the bacterium causing TB have only minor genetic differences, but attack the lungs in a completely different way, according to US researchers. . This finding could help to break the transmission cycle of TB .

The WHO publishes its second report of country success stories in mitigating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on TB services.

Researchers in the have identified helpful and unhelpful aspects of the immune response that determine whether the body can keep TB infections under control. The findings, which are published in Immunity , may be helpful for designing a more effective vaccine.

Linezolid is recommended for treating drug-resistant TB but adverse events are a concern to prescribers. This study says linezolid trough concentration of 2.5 mg/L should be evaluated as a target for therapeutic drug monitoring.

Bedaquiline improves outcomes of patients with rifampicin-resistant and multidrug-resistant TB, however, emerging resistance threatens this. This cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis evaluates the epidemiology, genetic basis, and treatment outcomes associated with bedaquiline resistance , using data from South Africa.

RESIST-TB released its April 2022 newsletter with the latest research publications on drug-resistant TB.