TB Clip 2022년 12월호 (1) 본문 이미지

편집자 한마디!

국내외 결핵(TB)뉴스

학술연구자료

STOP-TB한국사무국 소식

축하 드립니다. 임재준 교수팀이 MDR-TB의 치료 기간을 9개월로 줄일 수 있는 새로운 치료법의 효과를 확인한 MDR-END의 임상시험 결과를 Lancet에 게재하였습니다. (Lancet 2022: 400; 1522-1530). 치료 시작 후 24개월째 치료성공률은 4가지 경구 약제로 구성된 9개월 치료법에서 75.0%로 WHO 표준치료법의 70.6% 보다 도리어 높았습니다. 또한 두 양군간에 미리 정해 두었던 비열등성 기준도 만족하였고, 부작용 또한 차이가 없었습니다. 이 연구 결과를 계기로 국내에서 20~24개월 힘든 치료를 받아야했던 MDR-TB 환자들이 보다 짧은 기간에 치료를 받을 수 있도록 응원해 봅니다.

The World Health Organization released the 2022 Global TB Report showing that TB deaths increased for a second year in a row and TB incidence rose for the first time in 20 years. The burden of drug-resistant TB also increased by 3% between 2020 and 2021 showing that the COVID-19 pandemic impact on the TB response has been particularly severe. The Report with the accompanying materials can be accessed here. The Stop TB Partnership, Médecins Sans Frontières, TB Alliance and Dr Madhukar Pai with a post in Forbes expressed deep concern over the findings of the Report. Detailed TB figures about India and South Africa can be accessed here and here.

The World Health Organization hosted a webinar on 28 November 2022 to introduce the Framework for Collaborative Action on Tuberculosis and Comorbidities. For further detailed the event, click here.

The International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union) released its latest quarterly training and education newsletter, sharing the latest news and updates from The Union courses and The Union Conference 2022. To access the newsletter, click here.

At the 72nd session of the WHO Regional Committee for Europe, Member States endorsed the Tuberculosis Action Plan for the WHO European Region 2023-2030 to reinforce Region-specific efforts to reduce TB incidence by 90% 2030, and to get back on track to meet the End TB Strategy targets.

A report released by Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) found that two newer TB drugs – bedaquiline and delamanid - going off patent in 2023, present a critical opportunity to increase access to shorter, safer and better treatment for people with drug-resistant TB (DR-TB). With DR-TB cases increasing for the first time in years, MSF called on pharmaceutical corporations and other drug developers to immediately dismantle the barriers blocking generic manufacturers from entering the market, so that production of these drugs can be scaled up.

Treatment Action Group (TAG) released the 2022 Tuberculosis Diagnostics Pipeline Report , detailing the TB diagnostic technologies currently under development and emphasizing five key research priorities: (1) pediatric TB diagnostics, (2) point-of-care urine LAM tests, (3) non-sputum point-of-care molecular tests for TB and drug-resistant TB, (4) TB screening and triage tools, and (5) algorithms for TB screening and diagnostic testing.

GSK announced positive results from a Phase IIa study demonstrating that GSK3036656, a first-in-class investigational antitubercular agent, was well tolerated and showed early bactericidal activity with a low, once-daily oral dose after 14 days of treatment in participants with drug-susceptible pulmonary TB. Source: GSK.

Some cases of drug-sensitive TB can be successfully treated in as little as two months. This is according to early findings from the TRUNCATE TB trial presented at the 2022 Union World Conference on Lung Health. Read the full story at Spotlight..

Illumina and GenoScreen announced a partnership to accelerate progress to end TB worldwide by expanding capabilities for countries most impacted by TB to more effectively detect and combat multidrug-resistant TB.Source: Illumina Inc.

Adapsyn Bioscience announced that it has received funding from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to find novel therapeutics that target TB. Adapsyn will utilize the full capabilities of its platform to identify novel small molecules that inhibit established and emerging targets in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which will help fuel the development of next-generation TB drugs.Source: Adapsyn Bioscience Inc

PBD Biotech has developed a rapid TB screening blood test that shows promise for identifying people with the disease as well as a subgroup with pre-clinical infection at higher risk of developing the disease, offering the potential to revolutionize management of TB. The company has raised follow-on funding of £2.4 million to support further clinical trials.Source: PBD Biotech

Merck and the Bill & Melinda Gates Medical Research Institute (Gates MRI) announced a licensing agreement for two preclinical antibacterial candidates, MK-7762 and MK-3854, for evaluation as potential components of combination regimens for the treatment of TB. Source: Merck

According to a study in Open Forum Infectious Diseases, improved outcomes and increased treatment tolerability to linezolid were observed in patients with multidrug-resistant TB who switched to a lower dose.

According to a study in Open Forum Infectious Diseases, women had a higher risk for both severe forms of TB and HIV coinfection than men, suggesting additional research is needed to assess gender disparities in TB.

According to a study in American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, in children exposed to TB, chest radiography helped in detecting asymptomatic coprevalent TB and predicting incident TB after baseline.

An analysis published in PLOS Global Public Health estimated that the recently approved BPaLM/BPaL treatment regimen for drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) could save governments up to $740 million a year, enough to supply more than 400,000 people with almost a year's worth of DR-TB treatment. The all-oral BPaLM/BPaL regimen consists of 6 months of bedaquiline, pretomanid, linezolid and moxifloxacin, with the option of dropping moxifloxacin in cases involving fluoroquinolone resistance.

A study published in The Lancet Global Health evaluated the impact of COVID-19 on child TB notifications, suggesting that COVID-19 has substantially affected childhood TB services, with the youngest children most affected. An accompanying comment can be accessed here.

In the opening press conference of the 2022 Union World Conference on Lung Health, the STREAM trial team announced results from their study of two new bedaquiline-containing shortened treatment regimens for multidrug-resistant TB. The results showed both a fully-oral 9-month regimen and a 6-month injection-containing regimen to have superior efficacy compared with a 9-month injectable-containing regimen (without bedaquiline), with fewer cases of hearing loss. The two new regimens also resulted in lower costs to patients. Full study results are published in The Lancet.

A supplemental issue published in the Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society identified the challenges in controlling childhood TB in 2022 and beyond. ‘What’s New in Childhood Tuberculosis' highlighted areas that can accelerate the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of a persistent threat to children worldwide. Further details are available here.

New research shed light on how a genetic mutation affecting mitochondria influences chronic inflammatory disorders and immune responses. The study focused primarily on macrophages and TB infection.

A study investigated the effect of active TB on the survival of HIV-infected adult patients who initiated antiretroviral therapy in public hospitals in Eastern Ethiopia.

Researchers reported findings from a study that investigated whether previously identified correlates of protection associated with risk of full-blown TB disease could also be associated with risk of infection from the bacteria that causes TB - highlighting certain correlates in the process.

People with hepatitis C, either treated or untreated, had an increased risk for developing active TB, according to data published in Clinical Infectious Diseases.

The International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease released the November 2022 issue of the International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (IJTLD). It includes TB-related research publications.

RESIST-TB released its October 2022 newsletter with the latest research publications on drug-resistant TB.

A case report of persistent drug-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis after anti-tuberculosis therapy completion has been released. This case highlights the radiological and pathological changes that persist after treatment completion and the importance of achieving sterilization of cavities in order to prevent these changes.

A new study to identify a clinical and economic burden of drug-susceptible TB in Indonesia has been released. This study aims to assess the characteristics, trends, and economic burden of mandatorily notified drug-susceptible tuberculosis cases registered in the Indonesian National TB System from 2017 to 2019.